Our doctoral work has two mutually dependent components. One part is on the translation of Henry Sidgwick’s book, The Methods of Ethics. A second part on the commentary of this book who has been waiting for a French translation since 1874. It is an effort of understanding through the process of translation. Our general problematic is to analyze Sidgwick’s attempt to reconcile the irreconcilable, that is, the private interests of the rational egoist with the search for general happiness, what Sidgwick calls the “dualism of practical reason”. This attempt is part of a complex pluralism in which the three methods induce an operative dialectic. This brings him closer to John Rawls, whose respective methodologies we compare with sacrificial ethi...